113 terms in this chapter
arterial blood gases
infection and inflammation of bronchial airways
acute, life-threatening lung injury developing secondary to other lung trauma, systemic infection, or disorder causing fluid to leak into the lungs
air
acid-fast bacillus
inflammation of nasal membranes caused by allergies
alveoli (air sacs)
coal, coal dust
acute respiratory distress syndrome
respiratory disease caused by chronic inhalation of asbestos fibers
chronic disease marked by episodic narrowing and inflammation of airways, resulting in wheezing, SOB, and cough
partial or complete collapse of the alveoli and tiny airways of the lung
bilevel positive airway pressure
bronchus (airway)
chronic, irreversible dilation of the bronchi with destruction of the bronchial wall, leading to recurrent infections
bronchiole (small airway)
visual examination of the bronchi using a flexible fiberoptic endoscope
skill taught in first-aid courses that helps restore a victim's breathing and circulation
cystic fibrosis
surgical insertion of a tube into the pleural space to drain air, blood, or fluid and re-expand the lung
productive cough lasting at least 3 months per year for 2 consecutive years; a component of COPD
group of progressive diseases in which alveolar air sacs are destroyed and chronic, severe SOB results
carbon dioxide
respiratory disease caused by chronic inhalation of coal dust; also called black lung
dust
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
acute inflammation of nasal mucosa; the common cold
coronavirus disease 2019 caused by SARS-CoV-2
SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern with increased transmissibility or immune evasion; Omicron is the dominant variant as of 2023-2026
continuous positive airway pressure
chest physiotherapy
abnormal crackly or bubbling lung sound heard with a stethoscope, caused by air passing over retained secretions or fluid
acute viral disease in children marked by barking 'seal-like' cough and respiratory distress
chest x-ray
fatal genetic disease causing frequent respiratory infections, thick/sticky airway secretions, and COPD in children
condition where nasal septum is displaced to the side, causing unequal nasal passages
diaphragm
dyspnea on exertion
disorder with abnormal increase in size of air spaces and destruction of alveolar walls, causing loss of elasticity and progressive dyspnea
collection of infected fluid (pus) between the two pleural membranes lining the lungs
epiglottis
episode of bleeding from the nose; nosebleed
coughing up blood from the respiratory tract
blood or bloody fluid collected within the intrapleural space, causing lung compression
systemic respiratory disease caused by Histoplasma capsulatum fungus found in soil with bird droppings
chronic or acute retention of CO2 in the blood, causing mental cloudiness and lethargy
abnormally low level of oxygen in the blood
abnormally low level of oxygen at the tissue level
progressive scarring of lung tissue of unknown cause
interstitial lung disease