81 terms in this chapter
type of nephritis where glomeruli are inflamed; also called acute nephritic syndrome
acute glomerulonephritis
acute kidney injury (modern terminology for ARF)
acute renal failure (older terminology, replaced by AKI)
acute tubular necrosis
nitrogenous compounds (urea)
inflammation of the bladder caused by bacterial infection, commonly coexisting with bacterial urethritis (UTI)
malignancy of the urinary bladder, most commonly transitional cell carcinoma; risk factors include smoking and occupational chemical exposure
bladder neck obstruction
benign prostatic hypertrophy (benign prostatic hyperplasia)
blood urea nitrogen
condition with gradual, progressive destructive changes to glomeruli, resulting in loss of kidney function; also called chronic nephritis
chronic kidney disease (modern terminology for CRF)
creatinine (blood test for kidney function)
chronic renal failure (older terminology, replaced by CKD)
urinary bladder
cystoscopy
kidney disease associated with diabetes resulting in inflammation, degeneration, and sclerosis of the kidneys
abnormal, increased secretion of large amounts of urine
estimated glomerular filtration rate (measure of kidney function)
final phase of kidney disease requiring dialysis or kidney transplant
involuntary urination, usually during sleep; bedwetting
end-stage renal disease
need to urinate more often than normal
glomerulus (capillary cluster in the kidney)
glucose, sugar, sweet
abnormal presence of glucose (sugar) in the urine
water
hemodialysis
filtering process that uses a machine to remove waste and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys fail
condition where renal pelvis and calyces become distended and dilated and begin to atrophy due to urine outflow obstruction
intake and output
chronic inflammatory condition of the bladder lining not caused by infection or other identified pathology
pathological changes in renal tissue that destroy nephrons and impair kidney function
intravenous pyelogram
ketone bodies (acids and acetones)
surgical procedure transplanting a healthy kidney from a donor into a patient with end-stage renal disease
kidney, ureter, and bladder (x-ray)
stone, calculus
procedure utilizing shock waves to crush kidney stones into smaller pieces so they can pass through the urinary tract
meatus, opening
kidney
surgical removal of a kidney, performed for renal cell carcinoma, trauma, or donor transplantation
condition of having kidney stones (renal calculi) in the kidneys
uncommon disorder marked by massive proteinuria, systemic edema, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and hypercoagulability
bladder dysfunction due to disease or injury of the central nervous system or specific peripheral nerves
night
scanty, few, deficiency
peritoneal dialysis
peritoneum (abdominal lining)