87 terms in this chapter
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease)
form of chronic, progressive dementia caused by atrophy of brain tissue
chronic, progressive, degenerative neuromuscular disorder that destroys motor neurons; also called Lou Gehrig's disease
autonomic nervous system
abnormal connection between arteries and veins, bypassing the capillary bed, often occurring in the brain or spinal cord
form of facial paralysis, usually unilateral and temporary; also known as facial palsy
collection of pus anywhere within the brain
any type of abnormal mass growing within the cranium
cerebellum (posterior part of the brain)
cerebrum, brain
localized dilation and weakening of a cerebral artery, increasing risk of rupture and subarachnoid hemorrhage
brief loss of consciousness or brief episode of disorientation or confusion following a head injury
bruising of brain tissue
group of motor-impairment syndromes caused by lesions or abnormalities of the brain arising in early development
damage or death of brain tissue caused by interruption of blood supply due to a clot or vessel rupture; also called stroke or brain attack
structural defect in the posterior fossa where the cerebellar tonsils herniate through the foramen magnum, causing CSF flow obstruction
central nervous system
cerebral palsy
surgical opening of the skull to access the brain
rare, fatal prion disease causing rapid progressive dementia, myoclonus, and neurological deterioration
cerebrospinal fluid
computed tomography
cerebrovascular accident
acute, reversible state of agitated confusion, marked by disorientation, hallucinations, or delusions
progressive neurological disorder with irreversible decline in cognition due to disease or brain damage; sometimes called senility
mood disorder marked by loss of interest or pleasure in living
electroencephalography
brain
inflammation of the brain; often combined with meningitis (encephalomeningitis)
collection of blood between the dura mater and the skull
chronic disorder of the brain marked by recurrent seizures
sensation, feeling
ganglion (collection of nerve cell bodies)
Guillain-Barré syndrome
glue, gluelike (neuroglial tissue)
acute inflammatory disorder that causes rapidly progressing paralysis (usually temporary); also called inflammatory polyneuropathy
hereditary, progressive, degenerative nervous disorder leading to bizarre involuntary movements and dementia
intracranial pressure
surgical removal of the lamina (posterior arch of a vertebra) to decompress the spinal cord or nerve roots
word, phrase
level of consciousness, loss of consciousness
lumbar puncture
meninges (membranes covering brain and spinal cord)
infection and inflammation of the meninges, spinal cord, and CSF, usually caused by an infectious illness
familial disorder marked by episodes of severe throbbing headache, commonly unilateral and sometimes disabling
magnetic resonance imaging
multiple sclerosis
disease involving progressive myelin degeneration, resulting in loss of muscle strength and coordination
sleep, stupor, numbness