113 terms in this chapter
rare malignancy of the gallbladder, often associated with gallstones and chronic cholecystitis
stomach
bariatric surgery creating a small stomach pouch and bypassing a portion of the small intestine to promote weight loss
malignancy of the stomach; risk factors include H. pylori infection and dietary factors
inflammation of the stomach's mucosal lining
inflammation of the stomach and intestines; often referred to colloquially as the stomach flu
chronic backflow of acidic gastric contents into the esophagus, causing esophagitis and heartburn
delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical obstruction
gastroesophageal reflux disease
gastrointestinal
gums
tongue
Helicobacter pylori (bacterium causing peptic ulcers and gastritis)
swollen, internal or external varicose veins of the anal area
liver
inflammation of the liver, typically caused by one of several viruses (types A, B, C, D, or E)
primary liver cancer; risk factors include cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, and alcohol abuse
protrusion of a structure or organ through the wall of the cavity that normally contains it
protrusion of a portion of the stomach upward through the diaphragm into the chest cavity
inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., Crohn's, Ulcerative Colitis)
irritable bowel syndrome
ileum (third part of small intestine)
slipping or telescoping of a portion of the bowel into itself, causing obstruction
common chronic functional condition of the large intestine with alternating episodes of constipation and diarrhea, without structural damage
yellow staining of skin, sclera, and body tissues due to excessive bilirubin in the blood
jejunum (second part of small intestine)
abdomen, abdominal wall
liver function test
hereditary cancer syndrome (HNPCC) predisposing to colorectal and other cancers
inadequate absorption of nutrients from the intestinal tract, especially the small intestine
nutritional deficiency due to inadequate intake, impaired absorption, or excessive loss of nutrients
steatohepatitis with metabolic dysfunction and inflammation (formerly NASH)
fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction (formerly NAFLD)
nausea and vomiting
nasogastric (tube)
nothing by mouth
vesicular eruption in or on the mouth caused by herpes simplex virus; also called herpes labialis or cold sore
fungal infection of the oral mucous membrane with Candida albicans; also called oral candidiasis
pancreas
highly lethal malignancy of the pancreas, often diagnosed late; risk factors include smoking, diabetes, and family history
acute or chronic inflammation of the pancreas, frequently associated with gallstones or alcohol abuse
digestion
open, inflamed lesion in the gastric or duodenal lining, frequently caused by H. pylori infection
severe inflammation of the organs and structures within the peritoneal cavity, often due to a ruptured appendix or bowel
by mouth
per rectum
rectum, anus
severe inflammatory condition of the bowel with watery diarrhea, commonly caused by Clostridium difficile (C. diff) overgrowth after antibiotic use
peptic ulcer disease
pylorus (sphincter at bottom of stomach)